French vineyards, renowned for producing some of the world's best wines, have once again faced a formidable challenge in 2024. From the fertile lands of Bordeaux to the picturesque slopes of Jura, winemakers are contending with a significant problem: mildew. This fungal disease, exacerbated by heavy rains, is posing a severe threat to wine production.
Unprecedented Weather Conditions
In 2024, France experienced its wettest spring since 2008, marking the fourth wettest on record, according to Météo France. The abundant rainfall created ideal conditions for mildew, sparing only areas close to the Mediterranean and the Pyrenees. The French agriculture ministry is set to release its early projections for the 2024 wine harvest on August 9th, and the wine community waits with bated breath to see the impact of these challenging weather conditions.
Proactive Measures in Bordeaux
Bordeaux has faced particularly tough challenges. After a fierce battle against mildew in the 2023 season, winemakers took early precautions this year. Nicolas Poumeyrau, vineyard manager at Château Smith Haut Lafitte in Pessac-Léognan, highlighted the importance of swift action and organic protection for the vines. Merlot grapes have been more susceptible compared to Cabernet Sauvignon and white wine varieties. Biodynamic treatments, including cow manure for the soil and sprays containing quartz and buckthorn, have aided in combating mildew.
Martin Krajewski from Clos Cantenac in St-Emilion reported varied impacts across his vineyard parcels. While the majority of his estate was relatively unaffected, he anticipated a significant loss of 60 to 70% in one particular parcel. Nonetheless, his Château Séraphine property in Pomerol is expected to have a comparable yield to the previous year.
Impact Across France
Other renowned wine regions, such as Burgundy's Châtillonais and Jura, also faced mildew challenges. In Jura, late April frost compounded the mildew problem. Meanwhile, the Champagne region managed to keep mildew at bay, thanks to diligent efforts by the winegrowers. Maxime Toubart, president of the Champagne winegrowers’ union (SGV), acknowledged the hard work put in to control the situation.
Awaiting Summer Sunshine
In a bid to salvage the 2024 vintage, winemakers are hoping for continued favorable summer weather with moderate temperatures. At Château Smith Haut Lafitte, véraison has begun, and the first white grape harvest is expected around the end of August. The resilience and proactive measures of France's winemakers serve as a testament to their dedication to preserving the quality and heritage of their wines, even in the face of natural adversities.
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